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鋼中不同形狀夾雜物在超重力場中上浮模擬研究

Numerical simulation study on the floating of inclusions of different shapes in steel in a supergravity field

  • 摘要: 超重力可促使夾雜物快速上浮,縮短其在鋼液中的上浮時間. 為研究夾雜物形狀對其在鋼液中的上浮行為的影響,本文使用流固耦合方法跟蹤計算流體與固體界面狀態,在二維縱切面中構建了三種具有不同形態比的夾雜物并在超重力場中進行上浮行為模擬研究. 結果表明,夾雜物的上浮速度與自身形狀和上浮角度有關,形態比越趨近1或上浮角度越接近垂直,上浮速度越快. 在重力系數G=1000的超重力場中,長度為1 μm的夾雜物未發生旋轉. 長度為10、20 μm的夾雜物會自初始角度(45°、90°)旋轉至水平后穩定上浮. 超重力系數會影響夾雜物的旋轉狀態,隨著重力系數的降低,夾雜物的旋轉速度逐漸降低. 當G=50時,長度為20 μm的夾雜物(初始角度90°)未能完全旋轉;同時也證明相較于垂直角度,初始即傾斜的夾雜物更易發生旋轉. 最后,指出通過模型預估離心處理時間應以水平狀態下夾雜物的上浮速度為準,并基于該結論給出了夾雜物上浮去除的大致時間.

     

    Abstract: Supergravity is a noncontact volumetric force; when there is a density difference between the two phases, supergravity can strengthen their separation. The removal of nonmetallic inclusions in steel by supergravity technology not only does not cause molten steel to stir back to the mixing but also promotes the rapid floating of inclusions and shortens their floating time in the molten steel. Small inclusions that are difficult to remove can be removed using a supergravity field. The shape of the inclusions affects their floating behavior in molten steel. To study this effect, this study uses the fluid–structure interaction method to track the computational fluid–solid interface state, constructs three inclusions with different aspect ratios in a two-dimensional longitudinal section, and performs simulation studies of the floating behavior of the inclusions in a supergravity field. The effects of the different initial angles of the inclusions on their floating behavior were also compared. The simulation results show that the floating velocity of the inclusions is related to their shape and floating angle, and the faster the floating velocity, the closer the aspect ratio is to 1, or the floating angle is too vertical. For a given length, inclusions with a larger equivalent diameter float faster. In the supergravity field of G = 1000, the inclusions with a length of 1 μm did not undergo rotation; the inclusions with lengths of 10 and 20 μm rotated from the initial angle (45°, 90°) to the horizontal and then floated steadily. The floating velocity of inclusions is related to the real-time angle of inclusions. The rotational state of the inclusions gradually decreases as the gravity coefficient decreases. When G = 50, the inclusions with a length of 20 μm (initial angle of 90°) fail to rotate completely, which also proves that the inclusions are more likely to rotate when initially inclined instead of vertically. In addition, it was concluded that supergravity does not cause anisotropy in steel properties and that the method of removing inclusions from steel by supergravity does not have a substantial negative effect on steel properties. Finally, this study noted that the prediction of the supergravity treatment time using this model should be based on the floating velocity of the inclusions in the horizontal state, and an approximate time for the floating removal of the inclusions is provided based on this conclusion.

     

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