Abstract: The hot rolling of a steel billet in oval pass and the variations of rolling force and torque are simulated by three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled elastoplastic finite element simulation. It is shown that the difference between the velocities of the metal flow along the rolling direction on the surface and in the inner part of the billet results in the concave section at the rolled steel ends. The rolling force, the axial force, rolling torque and radial torque have a similar variation, which is large during the period of the steel billet being engaged with or leaving from the oval-pass and small during the period of the stable rolling.