X80管線鋼精煉過程夾雜物形成與演變

鐘華軍; 姜敏; 王章印; 劉帥; 姜金星; 王新華

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.05.23.007

X80管線鋼精煉過程夾雜物形成與演變

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.05.23.007

1.
北京科技大學冶金與生態工程學院，北京 100083
2.
南京鋼鐵股份有限公司中厚板廠，南京 210000

基金項目: 國家重點研發計劃資助項目（2021YFB3401001）；中央高校基本科研業務費資助項目（FRF-DF-20-08）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail: jiangmin@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TF769.2
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-23
- 網絡出版日期: 2022-07-15
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-01

Formation and evolution of inclusions in the refining process of X80 pipeline steel

1.
School of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Plate Plant of Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: jiangmin@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 通過工業試驗取樣研究了X80管線鋼精煉過程夾雜物的類型、尺寸、成分等變化規律，并結合FactSage8.1軟件對鈣處理和鋼液冷卻凝固過程夾雜物的演變機理進行了熱力學計算分析。試驗結果表明，LF精煉結束時夾雜物主要為MgO–Al₂O₃和MgO–Al₂O₃–CaO，數量占比分別為25%、75%，其尺寸主要分布在1～5 μm之間，且1～2 μm和2～5 μm的夾雜物比例分別為56.0%、37.3%；RH精煉中T[O]、[N]質量分數分別由LF精煉結束時的0.0022%、0.0059%降低至0.0010%、0.0035%，夾雜物數量密度由LF結束約23.07 mm^–2降低至7.44 mm^–2，夾雜物去除率約67.8%；鈣處理時，夾雜物主要為MgO–Al₂O₃–CaO和CaS–Al₂O₃–CaO系，夾雜物中CaS平均質量分數由RH精煉結束時的8%增加至36%，CaO平均質量分數由24%減少至12%；軟吹結束時，尺寸<40 μm的夾雜物中SiO₂占比在0～2.5%之間；尺寸>40 μm的夾雜物中SiO₂占比在6.0%～8.0%之間，尺寸>40 μm的夾雜物主要為CaO–Al₂O₃–MgO–SiO₂，其化學成分與精煉渣化學成分基本一致，其來源為精煉渣卷入。熱力學計算結果表明，當[Ca]質量分數在10.5×10^–6～15.8×10^–6時，尖晶石夾雜全部完成改性，夾雜物全部為液態鈣鋁酸鹽；當鋼液在澆鑄溫度下，夾雜物主要為液態的鈣鋁酸鹽，當溫度降低至1428 ℃時，液態夾雜物完全轉化為固態，隨著溫度繼續下降1309 ℃以下，夾雜物的類型基本不發生改變，整個溫降過程夾雜物中CaO含量減少，CaS含量增加。
- X80 /
- 夾雜物 /
- 鈣處理 /
- 精煉渣 /
- 冷卻凝固 /
- 熱力學
Abstract: To further meet the requirements for using pipeline steel in extreme environments and to improve its safety in service, the inclusion control level in pipeline steel urgently needs improvement. In this paper, the variation laws of inclusion type, size, and composition in the refining process of X80 pipeline steel were studied through industrial trial sampling, and the evolution mechanism of inclusions during calcium treatment and steel cooling and solidification was analyzed using thermodynamic calculations with FactSage 8.1 software. The trial results showed mainly MgO–Al₂O₃ and MgO–Al₂O₃–CaO inclusions after LF refining in proportions of 25% and 75%, respectively, with sizes mainly distributed between 1–5 μm, and the proportion of inclusions of 1–2 μm and 2–5 μm were 56.0% and 37.3%, respectively. The contents of T[O] and [N] were reduced from 0.0022% and 0.0059% after LF refining to 0.0010% and 0.0035% after RH refining, respectively, and the number density of inclusions was reduced from approximately 23.07 mm^?2 after LF to 7.44 mm^?2, with an inclusions removal rate of approximately 67.8%. The inclusions were mainly MgO?Al₂O₃–CaO and CaS–Al₂O₃–CaO systems during calcium treatment, the average CaS content in the inclusions increased from 8% after RH refining to 36%, and the average CaO content decreased from 24% to 12%. After soft blowing, the SiO₂ content ranged from 0 to 2.5% in the inclusions smaller than 40 μm and from 6.0% to 8.0% in the inclusions larger than 40 μm, and the inclusions larger than 40 μm were mainly CaO–Al₂O₃–MgO–SiO₂, whose chemical composition is essentially identical to that of the refining slag, whose source is the refining slag involved; thermodynamic calculations show that when the [Ca] content is between 10.5×10^–6–15.8×10^–6, all spinel inclusions are modified, and all the inclusions are liquid calcium aluminates; when the steel is at casting temperature, the inclusions are mainly liquid calcium aluminates, and when the temperature is lowered to 1428 ℃, the liquid inclusions completely transform into solid. As the temperature drops below 1309 ℃, the type of inclusions essentially remains constant. During the entire temperature drop, the CaO content in the inclusions decreased, and the CaS content increased.
- X80 /
- inclusions /
- calcium treatment /
- refining slag /
- cooling and solidification /
- thermodynamics

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圖 1 不同精煉過程中夾雜物的典型形貌. (a)L1; (b)R1; (c)R2; (d)R3; (e)T1

Figure 1. Typical morphology of inclusions during different refining: (a)L1; (b)R1; (c)R2; (d)R3; (e)T1

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圖 2 不同精煉過程中夾雜物成分變化. (a)L1; (b)R1; (c)R2; (d)R3; (e)T1

Figure 2. Composition variation of inclusions during different refining: (a)L1; (b)R1; (c)R2; (d)R3; (e)T1

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圖 3 精煉過程中不同類型夾雜物數量占比

Figure 3. Proportion of different types of inclusions during refing

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圖 4 精煉過程中夾雜物中各組元質量分數

Figure 4. Mass fraction of different component of inclusions during refining

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圖 5 夾雜物的數量密度和平均尺寸

Figure 5. Number density and average size of inclusions

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圖 6 夾雜物尺寸分布

Figure 6. Size distribution of inclusions

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圖 7 大尺寸夾雜物元素分布面掃描結果

Figure 7. Scanning results of element distribution surface of large-sized inclusions

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圖 8 夾雜物尺寸和組元含量關系

Figure 8. Relationship between inclusion size and component content

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圖 9 大尺寸夾雜物與精煉渣的化學成分含量關系

Figure 9. Relationship between chemical composition of large-sized inclusions and refining slag

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圖 10 鈣處理時夾雜物優勢區域圖

Figure 10. Predominance phase diagram of inclusion during calcium treatment

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圖 11 冷卻凝固過程夾雜物物相轉變

Figure 11. Phase transformation of inclusions during cooling and solidification

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圖 12 冷卻凝固過程夾雜物平均成分變化

Figure 12. Average composition of inclusions during cooling and solidification

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表 1 X80管線鋼主要化學成分(質量分數)

Table 1. Chemical composition of X80 Pipeline steel %

C	Si	Mn	P	S	[Al]	[Ca]	[Mg]
0.05	0.25	1.70	0.01	≤0.0025	≤0.05	≤0.004	≤0.0005

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表 2 精煉過程鋼中主要元素含量變化(質量分數)

Table 2. Composition variation of essential elements in steel during refining %

Heat	T[O]	[N]	[S]	[Als]	[Ca]	[Mg]
L1	0.0022	0.0059	0.0027	0.050	0.0020	0.0010
R1	0.0010	0.0035	0.0024	0.046	0.0013	0.0005
R2	0.0018	0.0040	0.0024	0.036	0.0021	0.0005
R3	0.0068	0.0041	0.0022	0.037	0.0036	0.0005
T1	0.0012	0.0043	0.0020	0.034	0.0016	0.0005

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