燒結礦堿度對綜合爐料交互反應的影響

譚培龍; 張建良; 黃建強; 王耀祖; 劉征建; 韓鳳光

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.05.16.001

燒結礦堿度對綜合爐料交互反應的影響

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.05.16.001

1.
北京科技大學冶金與生態工程學院，北京 100083
2.
北京科技大學人工智能學院，北京 100083
3.
上海梅山鋼鐵股份有限公司，南京 210000

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金資助項目（51874025）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail: liuzhengjian@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TF521
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-16
- 網絡出版日期: 2022-08-17
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-31

Effect of sinter basicity on the interactive reaction of composite burdens

1.
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Institute of Artificial Intelligence, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Shanghai Meishan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: liuzhengjian@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 以不同堿度的燒結礦及燒結礦與塊礦的混合礦為研究對象，利用荷重軟化熔滴裝置，考察了燒結礦堿度對綜合爐料軟熔性能及不同爐料間交互作用的影響。研究發現：隨著燒結礦堿度增加，爐料結構中塊礦的質量配加比例提高，爐料間的交互作用增強，主要表現為綜合爐料軟化開始溫度及熔融開始溫度降低，混合爐料的透氣性得到改善。爐料結構的變化使礦物間的交互反應隨著燒結礦堿度的提高而增強，進而導致液相成分發生改變，降低了初渣物相熔點，而燒結礦堿度過高時會惡化料柱的透氣性。同時通過掃描電子顯微鏡?能量色散譜儀(SEM?EDS)及X射線衍射(XRD)精修表征整個還原過程燒結礦物相變化，渣相中主要物相為浮氏體和硅酸鈣，隨著燒結礦堿度增加，在不同斷點2CaO·SiO₂的含量呈現降低趨勢，表明燒結礦還原過程生成的高熔點物相隨之降低，綜合爐料的液相生成溫度隨之降低，爐料間交互作用增強。因此，適當提高燒結礦堿度，提高塊礦入爐的質量配比，利于高爐的強化冶煉。
- 燒結礦 /
- 塊礦 /
- 綜合爐料 /
- 交互作用 /
- 冶金性能
Abstract: With the deepening of the concept of interactive reaction and the development of several studies, metallurgists are no longer simply concerned with the metallurgical properties of a single charge. Instead, they comprehensively consider the interactive reaction of composite burdens. The interactive reaction is mainly affected by the chemical composition, microstructure, reduction temperature, and other factors of the ferrous burdens. In this study, taking a sinter with different basicities and a mixed ore of sinter and lump as the research object, the effect of sinter basicity on the smelting and dripping paraments of a composite burden and the interactive reaction between different burdens was investigated using melting–dripping equipment. The results show that the dripping temperature of a single sinter increases with sinter basicity. In the integrated burdens protocol, the proportion of lump ore increased, and the interaction between the burdens was enhanced, which is mainly manifested as a reduced softening start temperature and melting start temperature of the composite burden. The air permeability of the mixed charge was improved. A change of burden structure enhances the interaction between minerals with increasing sinter basicity, resulting in a change in the liquid phase composition, which reduces the melting point of the primary slag phase, and when the basicity of the sintered is too high, it will deteriorate the gas permeability of the material column. This result is not conducive to the intensive smelting of blast furnaces. At the same time, the sintered mineral phase changes throughout the reduction process were characterized using SEM-EDS and XRD, and the main phases in the slag phase are wustite and calcium silicate. The interactive reaction between the sinter and lump produces low melting point materials, which is verified by calculating the phase diagram of CaO–SiO₂–FeO. With increasing sinter basicity, the content of 2CaO·SiO₂ at different breakpoints decreased. This result shows that the high melting point phase formed during the reduction process of the sinter decreases, the liquid phase formation temperature of the composite burden decreases, and the interaction between the burdens increases. Therefore, appropriately increasing the sinter basicity and increasing the lump ore proportion benefits the enhanced smelting of a blast furnace. The theoretical and experimental results obtained in this research are of great importance for improving the production application of the proportion of lump in the furnace and developing efficient and low-carbon ironmaking.
- sinter /
- lump /
- composite burden /
- interaction /
- metallurgical properties

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圖 1 熔滴試驗裝置原理圖

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of melting–dripping equipment

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 綜合爐料交互作用對軟化性能影響

Figure 2. Influence of the interactive reaction of the composite burden on the melting parameter

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 綜合爐料交互作用對熔融特性影響

Figure 3. Influence of the interactive reaction of the composite burden on the dripping parameter

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 不同綜合爐料熔滴收縮率變化

Figure 4. Variation in droplet shrinkage for different composite burdens

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圖 5 綜合B-1收縮率10%時爐料交界面掃描電鏡圖

Figure 5. SEM image of the burden interface when the plan B-1 shrinkage rate is 10%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 6 綜合B-1收縮率40%時爐料交界面掃描電鏡圖

Figure 6. SEM image of the burden interface when the plan B-1 shrinkage rate is 40%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 7 塊礦及燒結礦內部能譜分析掃描電鏡圖.（a）塊礦；（b）燒結礦

Figure 7. Energy spectrum analysis of the lump and sinter: (a) lump; (b) sinter

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圖 8 塊礦及燒結礦交界面能譜分析電鏡圖

Figure 8. Energy spectrum analysis of the lump and sinter interface

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 9 綜合B-2不同熔滴斷點XRD精修結果.（a）軟化開始溫度；（b）軟化終了溫度；（c）熔融開始溫度；（d）熔融終了溫度

Figure 9. XRD refinement results of different droplet breakpoints of plan B-2: (a) softening start temperature; (b) softening end temperature; (c) melting start temperature; (d) melting end temperature

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圖 10 不同溫度斷點XRD精修2CaO·SiO₂含量變化（質量分數）

Figure 10. Variation in XRD refinement of 2CaO·SiO₂ content at different temperature breakpoints（mass fraction）

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 11 CaO–SiO₂–FeO三元相圖

Figure 11. Phase diagram of CaO–SiO₂–FeO

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表 1 含鐵爐料的化學成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of ferrous burdens

Sample	w（TFe）/%	w（FeO）/%	w（SiO₂）/%	w（CaO）/%	w（MgO）/%	w（Al₂O₃）/%	R₂
S-1	56.26	6.08	5.00	9.01	1.47	1.72	1.80
S-2	55.94	5.66	4.98	9.46	1.47	1.71	1.90
S-3	55.61	5.31	4.98	9.95	1.47	1.71	2.00
S-4	55.26	5.43	4.97	10.45	1.47	1.70	2.10
S-5	54.94	5.53	4.97	10.93	1.47	1.69	2.20
P-1	64.05	0.37	3.05	2.55	0.65	0.81	0.84
L-1	61.72	0.99	3.62	0.21	0.12	1.26	0.06
L-2	56.54	1.56	15.72	0.20	0.10	0.78	0.01

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表 2 綜合爐料結構

Table 2. Compositions of integrated burdens

Scheme	Proportion of iron ore（mass fraction）
B-1	84.0% S-1+5.0% P-1+10.0% L-1+1.0% L-2
B-2	78.0% S-2+5.0% P-1+16.0% L-1+1.0% L-2
B-3	75.5% S-3+5.0% P-1+17.5% L-1+2.0% L-2
B-4	73.0% S-4+5.0% P-1+19.0% L-1+3.0% L-2
B-5	71.0% S-4+5.0% P-1+20.0% L-1+4.0% L-2

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表 3 含鐵爐料單礦荷重軟化熔滴實驗結果

Table 3. Melting and dripping parameters of single ferrous burdens

Sample	T_10%/℃	T_40%/℃	△t₁/℃	T_s/℃	T_d/℃	△t_ds/℃	△P_max/kPa	S/(kPa·℃)
S-1	1204	1297	93	1328	1543	215	28.06	2820.9
S-2	1192	1288	96	1324	1512	188	22.3	2623.5
S-3	1189	1292	103	1330	1544	214	17.96	2641.5
S-4	1185	1283	98	1325	1534	209	24.86	3410.1
S-5	1165	1284	119	1330	1540	210	26.04	3574.6
L-1	1095	1266	171	1275	1447	172	20.48	830.6
L-2	1089	1220	131	1226	1264	44	7.12	123.6

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表 4 綜合爐料荷重軟化熔滴實驗結果

Table 4. Melting and dripping parameters of integrated burdens

Scheme	T_10%/℃	T_40%/℃	Δt₁/℃	T_s/℃	T_d/℃	Δt_ds/℃	△P_max/kPa	S/(kPa·℃)
B-1	1249	1329	80	1338	1452	114	15.68	1204.58
B-2	1233	1326	93	1327	1445	118	16.78	1223.42
B-3	1235	1333	98	1318	1442	124	16.32	1104.32
B-4	1234	1320	86	1309	1432	123	19.12	1089.04
B-5	1206	1333	127	1302	1431	129	26.90	1916.48

下載: 導出CSV

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