腐蝕微生物種類及腐蝕機理研究進展

邱麗娜; 張瑋瑋; 弓愛君; 鄭書佳; 趙丹丹; 趙偉宇; 范榮榮

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.04.20.007

腐蝕微生物種類及腐蝕機理研究進展

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.04.20.007

邱麗娜^{1, 2,},
張瑋瑋³,
弓愛君^{1, 2, ,},
鄭書佳¹,
趙丹丹¹,
趙偉宇¹,
范榮榮⁴

1.
北京科技大學化學與化學工程學院，北京 100083
2.
北京科技大學功能分子與晶態材料科學與應用北京市重點實驗室，北京 100083
3.
北京科技大學自然科學基礎實驗中心，北京 100083
4.
昆山禾信質譜技術有限公司，昆山 215300

基金項目: 國家重點研發計劃資助項目（2017YFF0106006）; 國家自然科學青年科學基金資助項目（51701016）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail：gongaijun5661@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TG174.3
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-20
- 網絡出版日期: 2022-08-17
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-31

Species of corrosive microbes and corrosion mechanisms

1.
School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing100083, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Basic Experimental Center for Natural Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
4.
Kunshan Hexin Mass Spectrometry Technology Co, Ltd, Kunshan 215300, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: gongaijun5661@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目前微生物腐蝕（MIC）在工業環境中已成為普遍存在的嚴重問題，其是造成腐蝕損壞、設備故障和經濟損失的主要原因之一。雖然部分經典的腐蝕理論能夠解釋一些微生物腐蝕的現象，但這些機理的片面性也逐漸暴露出來。隨著對腐蝕菌種類的研究越來越多,人們對微生物腐蝕機理的認識也更加全面深入。本文重點介紹了易導致腐蝕的微生物種類及特征，如硫酸鹽還原菌、硝酸鹽還原菌和鐵氧化菌等，并總結了微生物腐蝕機理中基于生物能學和生物電化學的最新研究進展，包括微生物胞外電子傳遞過程、代謝產物腐蝕和濃差電池作用等理論，為工業中厭氧及好氧條件下微生物腐蝕的診斷、預測及防治提供了理論指導。
- 微生物腐蝕 /
- 金屬材料 /
- 腐蝕性微生物種類 /
- 生物膜 /
- 腐蝕機理 /
- 細胞外電子傳遞
Abstract: Corrosion is a global problem affecting a wide variety of the mechanical structures of piping, buildings, transportation, sewage, and automotive parts. Corrosion is an abiotic electrochemical reaction of metal oxidation with oxygen and water. Under anoxic conditions, the only reactant available for iron oxidation is water-derived protons. The kinetics of this reaction is extremely slow. However, this behavior contrasts with extreme corrosion observed in anoxic environments, demonstrating that biological processes play an important role in iron and steel corrosion. Therefore, among the different corrosion mechanisms, microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is the most common and the most closely related to the complex processes connected with microorganism activity. Biocorrosion is a well-established, highly destructive phenomenon, and MIC can accelerate the deterioration of metal, plastics, stone, concrete, and wood, leading to human and environmental risks as well as substantial economic losses, which make MIC an important research topic. It is estimated that 20% or more of corrosion losses can be attributed to MIC. The main types of bacteria associated with corrosion are SRB, SRA, NRB, APB, IOB, IRB, SOB, and bacteria-producing organic acids, exopolymers, or slime. MIC is always associated with biofilm. Although classical corrosion theories can explain some MIC phenomena, the limitations of these mechanisms are exposed when MIC becomes a serious concern in real industrial applications. With increasingly more research on corrosive bacteria, people have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the mechanism of MIC. In this work, the species and characteristics of microorganisms easily leading to corrosion are analyzed, such as sulfate-reducing bacteria, nitrate-reducing bacteria, and iron-oxidizing bacteria. Different mechanisms of MIC are discussed using the concepts of bioenergetics, electron transfer theories, and respiration types. The latest research progress on the microbial corrosion mechanism, including extracellular electron transport, metabolite corrosion, and the concentration differential battery, was reviewed. The process of microbial corrosion often involves more than one mechanism. Different microorganisms grow in different environments, and their metabolic processes differ. Therefore, obtaining a unified corrosion mechanism is difficult, so we can only judge which mechanism plays the main role according to the specific situation. This review provides theoretical guidance for the diagnosis, prediction, and prevention of microbial corrosion under anaerobic and aerobic conditions in the industry.
- microbiologically influenced corrosion /
- metallic materials /
- species of corrosive microbes /
- biofilm /
- corrosion mechanisms /
- extracellular electron transfer

HTML全文

圖 1 SRB 從金屬到細胞表面電子傳遞的方法。（a）外膜結合的氧化還原活性蛋白與基體導體表面直接接觸；（b）導電菌毛與導體表面接觸；（c）通過氧化和還原循環的氧化還原活性電子介質介導的氧化電子轉移

Figure 1. Methods of electron transfer of SRB from metal to cell surface: (a) outer membrane-bound REDOX active protein in direct contact with substrate conductor surface, such as cytochrome C; (b) conductive pili in contact with conductor surface; (c) oxidation electron transfer mediated by REDOX active electron media through oxidation and reduction cycles

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圖 2 D. vulgaris細胞進行呼吸作用的示意圖。(a) 有機碳–硫酸鹽；(b) 鐵–硫酸鹽^[54]

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of D. vulgaris cells: (a) organic carbon–sulfate; (b) iron–sulfate^[54]

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圖 3 有氧條件下由氫氧化鐵層引發的縫隙腐蝕示意圖

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of gap corrosion induced by the iron hydroxide layer under aerobic condition

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圖 4 生物膜下氧耗竭形成氧濃差電池導致的金屬點蝕示意圖

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of metal pitting caused by oxygen concentration cells formed by oxygen depletion under biofilm

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