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摘要: 基于爆破產生的P波入射作用下均勻內壓薄壁管道的受力特點，采用擬靜力分析和疊加原理建立壓力管道爆破地震波作用下的應力解析計算模型；基于壓力管道材料屈服特性及Tresca屈服理論，建立爆破P波作用下壓力管道的振動安全判據計算模型，并結合爆炸影響的直埋壓力薄壁管道工程案例進行解析驗算。研究結果表明：爆破荷載施加前管道僅受均勻內壓，具有初始軸向和切向應力，爆破發生后，管道同時受到內壓和爆破地震波P波動荷載作用；管?土界面入射波臨界角較小，管道峰值應力隨入射角度增大減小，垂直入射時主要發生拉伸破壞，全反射時主要為切向破壞；壓力管道安全控制振速隨入射角的增大而增大，隨運行內壓的增大而減小，實際工程中根據管道內壓實際情況，選擇較小的值作為安全控制值。Abstract: With the continuous development of urban underground space in China, safety problems between urban underground pipelines and underground engineering construction that are in active service are constantly emerging. As an important way of excavating engineering rock and soil mass, blasting has a particularly prominent impact on pressure pipelines due to its harmful seismic effect. It is of great significance to study the vibration damage effect of the pressure pipeline under the excavation blasting earthquake to guide the safety production of the adjacent pipeline blasting construction and the safety design of the pressure pipeline under the influence of adverse factors such as blasting vibration. Based on the above research requirements, the stress characteristics of a thin-walled pipe with uniform internal pressure under an incident P-wave caused by blasting are first analyzed. The stress analytical calculation model under the seismic wave of pressure pipeline blasting is then established by quasi-static analysis and superposition principle. Based on the yield characteristics of pressure pipeline materials and the Tresca yield theory, a safety criterion calculation model for the vibration velocity of pressure pipeline under P-wave blasting is established. Combined with two engineering cases of a directly buried pressure thin-walled pipeline under explosion, the calculation model is verified. Results show that before the application of blasting load, the pipeline is only subjected to uniform internal pressure with initial axial and tangential stresses. After blasting, the pipeline is subjected to both internal pressure and blasting seismic P-wave load. Results reveal that the peak stress of the pipeline decreases with the increase of the incident angle. Moreover, the tensile failure mainly occurs at normal incidence, and the tangential failure mainly occurs at the total reflection. The vibration velocity of the safety control of the pressure pipeline increases with the increase of the incident angle. In the actual project, according to the actual situation of the internal pressure of the pipeline, the smaller value is selected as the safety control value.
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圖 1 壓力管道鄰近爆破荷載特征示意圖。（a）壓力管道附近的爆破地震波；（b）燃氣管道荷載示意
Figure 1. Characteristics of the pressure pipe near the blast: (a) blasting near the pressure pipe; (b) load on the gas pipe
圖 2 平面P波入射管?土界面示意圖
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the planar P wave incident to the tube-soil interface
圖 3 管?土界面位移及單元應力模型
Figure 3. Pipe-soil interface displacement and element stress model
圖 4 不同運行壓力下管道安全振速.（a）計算實例1；（b）計算實例2
Figure 4. Safe vibration speed of the pipeline under different operating pressures: (a) Example 1; (b) Example 2
表 1 計算實例介質波速和臨界角計算
Table 1. Calculation examples’ media wave velocity and critical angle calculation
Examples cppipe/
(m·s?1)cpsoil/
(m·s?1)cspipe/
(m·s?1)cssoil/
(m·s?1)θpcritical/
(°)θscritical/
(°)Example 1 5618 260 3000 125 2.5 1.27 Example 2 5910 220 3159 111 2.25 1.13 
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表 2 不同入射角下的管道安全振速
Table 2. Safe vibration velocity of the pipeline under different incident angles
Examples Safety vibration velocity/(cm·s?1) Incident
angle of
0°Incident
angle of
10°Incident
angle of
20°Incident
angle of
30°Incident
angle of
40°Incident
angle of
50°Incident
angle of
60°Incident
angle of
70°Incident
angle of
80°Example 1 9.24 11.97 48.38 111.08 203.85 334.06 518.98 813.62 1511.81 Example 2 7.62 13.19 41.93 79.70 125.89 183.32 260.48 384.24 691.89
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