C2H6、C2H4、CO與H2對甲烷爆炸壓力及動力學特性影響

羅振敏; 劉利濤; 王濤; 張江; 程方明

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.10.22.002

C₂H₆、C₂H₄、CO與H₂對甲烷爆炸壓力及動力學特性影響

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2020.10.22.002

羅振敏^{1, 2, ,},
劉利濤^{1, 2},
王濤³,
張江^{1, 4},
程方明^{1, 2}

1.
西安科技大學安全科學與工程學院，西安 710054
2.
陜西省工業過程安全與應急救援工程技術研究中心，西安 710054
3.
西安科技大學礦業工程博士后流動站，西安 710054
4.
西安科技大學期刊中心，西安 710054

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金資助項目（51674193）；陜西省創新能力支撐計劃資助項目（2020TD-021）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail: zmluo@xust.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TD712.7
計量
- 文章訪問數: 4163
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 435
- PDF下載量: 68
- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2020-10-22
- 網絡出版日期: 2020-12-22
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-08

Effect of C₂H₆、C₂H₄、CO and H₂ on the explosion pressure and kinetic characteristics of methane

LUO Zhen-min^{1, 2
, ,},
LIU Li-tao^{1, 2},
WANG Tao³,
ZHANG Jiang^{1, 4},
CHENG Fang-ming^{1, 2}

1.
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
2.
Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety & Emergency Rescue, Xi’an 710054, China
3.
Postdoctoral Programme of Mineral Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
4.
Journal Publishing Center, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: zmluo@xust.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 為量化可燃氣體爆燃引起的潛在危險性提供相關的基礎數據，設計出在氣體燃料加工、儲存和運輸過程中能夠承受爆炸危險的容器。運用20 L球形氣體爆炸系統，在不同初始溫度（298～373 K）與不同的預混氣體（CO、H₂、C₂H₄、C₂H₆）體積分數（0.4%～2.0%）條件下，獲取了甲烷體積分數為7%與11%的甲烷?空氣混合物的爆炸壓力特性參數。此外，采用 CHEMKIN軟件，模擬分析了不同體積分數的預混氣體在爆炸過程中H·、O· 和·OH自由基摩爾分數的變化趨勢，并進行了敏感性分析。結果表明，同一體積分數的預混氣體，隨初始溫度的增加，最大爆炸壓力呈線性降低，最大爆炸壓力上升速率幾乎恒定或下降。同一初始溫度，對于甲烷體積分數為7%的甲烷?空氣混合物，隨著預混氣體的體積分數增大到2%，其最大爆炸壓力、最大爆炸壓力上升速率均呈增大的趨勢，而甲烷體積分數為11%的甲烷?空氣混合物對應的最大爆炸壓力與最大爆炸壓力上升速率均呈減小趨勢。隨著預混氣體體積分數的增加，甲烷體積分數為7%的甲烷?空氣混合物在爆炸過程中H·、O·和·OH自由基摩爾分數峰值上升。O·和·OH自由基摩爾分數峰值在甲烷體積分數為11%的甲烷?空氣混合物中呈下降趨勢，H·自由基摩爾分數峰值有所上升。對于甲烷體積分數為7%與11%的甲烷?空氣混合物，其影響甲烷的關鍵基元反應式不變，敏感性系數隨預混氣體體積分數的增加而減弱。
- 甲烷爆炸 /
- 初始溫度 /
- 爆炸壓力特性 /
- 壓力預測 /
- 敏感性分析
Abstract: The gas composition of spontaneous coal combustion in a high-temperature mine fire area is extremely complex. Due to the low-temperature oxidation or pyrolysis of coal, a variety of combustible and explosive gases are produced, such as CH₄, CO, H₂, C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₃H₈, and C₂H_2. The paper provided associated basic data to quantify potential hazards caused by flammable gases and design containers that can withstand explosion during gas fuel processing, storage, and transportation. Under different initial temperatures (298–373 K) and varying volume fractions of the premixed gases (CO, H₂, C₂H₄, and C₂H₆: 0.4%–2.0%), when volume fraction of methane is 7% and 11%, the explosion pressure characteristic parameters were obtained in a 20 L spherical gas explosion system. In addition, the change in trend of the mole fraction of H·, O·, and OH radicals of the gas mixture during the explosion process was analyzed and simulated. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the CHEMKIN software. Results show that at the same volume fractions of the premixed gases, the maximum explosion pressure linearly decreases with increasing initial temperature and the maximum pressure rise rate is almost constant or slightly decreasing. At the same initial temperature, when volume fraction of methane is 7%, as the volume fractions of the premixed gases increases to 2%, the maximum explosion pressure and the maximum pressure rise rate show an increasing trend. However, a decreasing trend is observed with 11% methane–air mixture. When volume fraction of methane is 7%, with the increased gas mixture volume fraction, the maximum mole fraction of the free radicals, H·, O·, and ·OH increases. When volume fraction of methane is 11%, the maximum mole fraction of O· and ·OH radicals indicated a downward trend, whereas that of the H· radical increases with increase in volume fractions of the premixed gases. When volume fraction of methane is 7% and 11%, chemical kinetics analysis revealed that the addition of premixed gases had little effect on the key elementary reactions. Moreover, the sensitivity coefficient of CH₄ decreases with increase in volume fractions of the premixed gases.
- methane explosion /
- initial temperatures /
- explosion pressure characteristic /
- explosion pressure prediction /
- sensitivity analysis

HTML全文

圖 1 20 L球形氣體爆炸試驗系統示意圖

Figure 1. Schematic of the 20 L spherical gas explosion experimental setup

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 初始溫度對預混氣體最大爆炸壓力的影響。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 2. Maximum explosion pressure of premixed gases versus the initial temperature: (a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 初始溫度對預混氣體最大爆炸壓力上升速率的影響。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 3. Maximum pressure rise rate of premixed gases versus the initial temperature: (a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 不同體積分數的預混氣體對甲烷最大爆炸壓力的影響。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 4. Maximum explosion pressure of CH₄–air mixture versus the volume fraction of the mixed gas: (a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 不同體積分數的預混氣體對甲烷最大爆炸壓力上升速率的影響。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 5. Maximum pressure rise rate of CH₄–air mixture versus the volume fraction of the mixed gas: (a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 6 甲烷最大爆炸壓力試驗值和計算值的比較。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 6. Comparison between the predicted and experimental values：(a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 7 不同甲烷體積分數下各自由基最大摩爾分數隨預混氣體體積分數的變化曲線。（a）甲烷體積分數為7%；（b）甲烷體積分數為11%

Figure 7. Variation in the maximum molar fractions of free radicals with other combustible gas volume fractions under different volume fractions of CH₄：(a) volume fraction of CH₄ is 7%; (b) volume fraction of CH₄ is 11%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 8 加入不同體積分數的預混氣體后，甲烷體積分數為7%的甲烷?空氣混合物敏感性系數的變化趨勢。（a）0%; （b）0.4%；（c）0.8%；（d）1.2%；（e）1.6%；（f）2.0%

Figure 8. Variation in trend of the sensitivity coefficient of the key step response when adding premixedgases with different volume fractions to 7% volume fraction of CH₄: （a）0%; （b）0.4%；（c）0.8%；（d）1.2%；（e）1.6%；（f）2.0%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 9 加入不同體積分數的預混氣體后，甲烷體積分數為7%的甲烷?空氣混合物敏感性系數的變化趨勢。（a）0%; （b）0.4%；（c）0.8%；（d）1.2%；（e）1.6%；（f）2.0%

Figure 9. Variation in trend of the sensitivity coefficient of the key step response when adding premixedgases with different volume fractions to 11% volume fraction of CH₄: （a）0%; （b）0.4%；（c）0.8%；（d）1.2%；（e）1.6%；（f）2.0%

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 初始模擬計算條件

Table 1. Initial conditions for simulation

Sample	CH₄	O₂	N₂	Volume fraction/%
				C₂H₆∶C₂H₄∶CO∶H₂=1∶1∶5∶1
				C₂H₆	C₂H₄	CO	H₂
1	7	19.53	73.47	0	0	0	0
2		19.45	73.15	0.05	0.05	0.25	0.05
3		19.36	72.84	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.1
4		19.28	72.52	0.15	0.15	0.75	0.15
5		19.19	72.21	0.2	0.2	1	0.2
6		19.11	71.89	0.25	0.25	1.25	0.25
7	11	18.69	70.31	0	0	0	0
8		18.61	69.99	0.05	0.05	0.25	0.05
9		18.52	69.68	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.1
10		18.44	69.36	0.15	0.15	0.75	0.15
11		18.35	69.05	0.2	0.2	1	0.2
12		18.27	68.73	0.25	0.25	1.25	0.25

下載: 導出CSV

表 2 甲烷爆炸鏈式反應中部分關鍵基元反應

Table 2. Some key elementary reactions in the methane explosion chain reaction

Number	Key elementary reactions
R11	O·+CH₄$ \Leftrightarrow $·OH + CH₃·
R32	O₂+CH₂O$ \Leftrightarrow $HO₂+HCO
R38	H·+ O₂$ \Leftrightarrow $O·+·OH
R53	H·+CH₄$ \Leftrightarrow $CH₃·+H₂
R98	·OH+CH₄$ \Leftrightarrow $CH₃·+H₂O
R119	·HO₂+CH₃·$ \Leftrightarrow $·OH+CH₃O·
R155	CH₃·+O₂$ \Leftrightarrow $O·+CH₃O·
R156	CH₃·+O₂$ \Leftrightarrow $·OH+CH₂O·
R158	CH₃·+CH₃·(+M)$ \Leftrightarrow $C₂H₆(+M)
R161	CH₃+CH₂O$ \Leftrightarrow $HCO+CH₄
R170	CH₃O+O₂$ \Leftrightarrow $HO₂+CH₂O

下載: 導出CSV

www.77susu.com

參考文獻(26)

[1]	Li Z J. Research status of low concentration coal mine methane utilization technology and application prospect. China Energy Environ Prot, 2018, 40(6): 152 李中軍. 低濃度煤層氣利用技術研究現狀及應用展望. 能源與環保, 2018, 40(6):152
[2]	Zhao J Y, Zhang Y L, Deng J, et al. Key functional groups affecting the release of gaseous products during spontaneous combustion of coal. Chin J Eng, 2020, 42(9): 1139 趙婧昱, 張永利, 鄧軍, 等. 影響煤自燃氣體產物釋放的主要活性官能團. 工程科學學報, 2020, 42(9):1139
[3]	Liu Y, Zhang Y G, Zhao D F, et al. Experimental study on explosion characteristics of hydrogen–propane mixtures. Int J Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44(40): 22712 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.064
[4]	Wang T, Luo Z M, Wen H, et al. The explosion enhancement of methane-air mixtures by ethylene in a confined chamber. Energy, 2021, 214: 119042 doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119042
[5]	Razus D, Brinzea V, Mitu M, et al. Temperature and pressure influence on explosion pressures of closed vessel propane – air deflagrations. J Hazard Mater, 2010, 174(1-3): 548 doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.086
[6]	Li D, Zhang Q, Ma Q J, et al. Comparison of explosion characteristics between hydrogen / air and methane / air at the stoichiometric concentrations. Int J Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40(28): 8761 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.05.038
[7]	Zhang L, Wei X L, Yu L X, et al. Deflagration characteristics of a preheated CO-air mixture in a duct. Explos Shock Waves, 2010, 30(2): 191 doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2010)02-0191-06 張良, 魏小林, 余立新, 等. 管道內一氧化碳和空氣預熱混合物的爆燃特性. 爆炸與沖擊, 2010, 30(2):191 doi: 10.11883/1001-1455(2010)02-0191-06
[8]	Gao N, Zhang Y S, Hu Y T, et al. Experimental study on methane-air mixtures explosion limits at normal and elevated initial temperatures and pressures. Explos Shock Waves, 2017, 37(3): 4538 高娜, 張延松, 胡毅亭, 等. 溫度、壓力對甲烷-空氣混合物爆炸極限耦合影響的實驗研究. 爆炸與沖擊, 2017, 37(3):4538
[9]	Li R Z, Huang Z C, Si R J. Influence of environmental temperature on gas explosion pressure and its rise rate. Explos Shock Waves, 2013, 33(4): 415 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.013 李潤之, 黃子超, 司榮軍. 環境溫度對瓦斯爆炸壓力及壓力上升速率的影響. 爆炸與沖擊, 2013, 33(4):415 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1455.2013.04.013
[10]	Yu M G, Wan S J, Xu Y L, et al. Suppressing methane explosion overpressure using a charged water mist containing a NaCl additive. J Nat Gas Sci Eng, 2016, 29: 21 doi: 10.1016/j.jngse.2015.12.040
[11]	Luo Z M, Su Y, Chen X K, et al. Effect of BC powder on hydrogen/methane/air premixed gas deflagration. Fuel, 2019, 257: 116095 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116095
[12]	Yu M G, Wang X Y, Zheng K, et al. Investigation of methane/air explosion suppression by modified montmorillonite inhibitor. Process Saf Environ Prot, 2020, 144: 337 doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.07.050
[13]	Mitu M, Brandes E. Influence of pressure, temperature and vessel volume on explosion characteristics of ethanol / air mixtures in closed spherical vessels. Fuel, 2017, 203: 460 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.04.124
[14]	Qi S, Du Y, Zhang P L, et al. Effects of concentration, temperature, humidity, and nitrogen inert dilution on the gasoline vapor explosion. J Hazard Mater, 2017, 323: 593 doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.06.040
[15]	Luo Z M, Liu L T, Cheng F M, et al. Effects of a carbon monoxide-dominant gas mixture on the explosion and flame propagation behaviors of methane in air. J Loss Prev Process Ind, 2019, 58: 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2019.01.004
[16]	Wang T, Zhou Y, Luo Z M, et al. Flammability limits behavior of methane with the addition of gaseous fuel at various relative humidities. Process Saf Environ Prot, 2020, 140: 178 doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.05.005
[17]	Su B, Luo Z M, Wang T, et al. Chemical kinetic behaviors at the chain initiation stage of CH₄/H₂/air mixture. J Hazard Mater, 2021, 403: 123680 doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123680
[18]	Luo Z M, Liu L T. Impact of the various other inflammable gases on the explosion features of low concentration methane. J Saf Environ, 2019, 19(1): 167 羅振敏, 劉利濤. 以氫氣為主要成分的其他可燃氣體對低濃度甲烷爆炸特性的影響. 安全與環境學報, 2019, 19(1): 167
[19]	Luo Z M, Deng J, Guo X B. Microcosmic mechanism of gas explosion based on Gaussian. J Liaoning Tech Univ Nat Sci, 2008, 27(3): 325 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0562.2008.03.002 羅振敏, 鄧軍, 郭曉波. 基于 Gaussian 的瓦斯爆炸微觀反應機理. 遼寧工程技術大學學報(自然科學版), 2008, 27(3):325 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0562.2008.03.002
[20]	Liang Y T, Wang L C, Luo H Z, et al. Computational model of reaction kinetic for gas explosion induced by shock wave. J China Coal Soc, 2017, 42(6): 1475 梁運濤, 王連聰, 羅海珠, 等. 激波誘導瓦斯爆炸反應動力學計算模型. 煤炭學報, 2017, 42(6):1475
[21]	Liang Y T, Wang L C, Luo H Z, et al. Computational model of reaction kinetic for gas explosion in constant volume combustion reactor. J China Coal Soc, 2015, 40(8): 1853 梁運濤, 王連聰, 羅海珠, 等. 定容燃燒反應器中瓦斯爆炸反應動力學計算模型. 煤炭學報, 2015, 40(8):1853
[22]	Wang L C, Luo H Z, Liang Y T. Effects of water on reaction kinetic for gas explosion in shock tube. J China Coal Soc, 2014, 39(10): 2037 王連聰, 羅海珠, 梁運濤. 激波管中水對瓦斯爆炸反應動力學特性的影響. 煤炭學報, 2014, 39(10):2037
[23]	Li X C, Nie B S, Yang C L, et al. Effect of gas concentration on kinetic characteristics of gas explosion in confined space. Chin J High Pressure Phys, 2017, 31(2): 135 doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.02.005 李祥春, 聶百勝, 楊春麗, 等. 封閉空間內瓦斯濃度對瓦斯爆炸反應動力學特性的影響. 高壓物理學報, 2017, 31(2):135 doi: 10.11858/gywlxb.2017.02.005
[24]	Luo Z M, Hao Q Q, Wang T, et al. Experimental study on the deflagration characteristics of methane-ethane mixtures in a closed duct. Fuel, 2020, 259: 116295 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116295
[25]	Varghese R J, Kolekar H, Kishore V R, et al. Measurement of laminar burning velocities of methane-air mixtures simultaneously at elevated pressures and elevated temperatures. Fuel, 2019, 257: 116120 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116120
[26]	Rozenchan G, Zhu D L, Law C K, et al. Outward propagation, burning velocities, and chemical effects of methane flames up to 60 atm. Proc Combust Inst, 2002, 29(2): 1461 doi: 10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80179-1