Microstructure and corrosion behavior of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles in F?-containing solutions
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摘要: 采用金相顯微鏡、掃描電子顯微鏡、電化學實驗和浸泡實驗研究了打印角度30°、45°和60°的SLM-Ti6Al4V試樣的組織結構及其在NaF溶液中的腐蝕行為。結果表明，三種試樣的組織結構都是原β晶粒內部交叉分布針狀α'相；打印角度45°試樣中針狀α'相尺寸與微觀結構晶格畸變程度最小。電化學測試結構表明，三種試樣在NaF溶液中的腐蝕行為特征都是隨溶液濃度增加，由自發鈍化逐漸轉變為活性溶解，其臨界氟離子濃度分別處于0.0005～0.00075、0.00075～0.001和0.0005～0.00075 mol·L?1。浸泡試驗結果表明，當NaF濃度低于臨界氟離子濃度的時候，試樣表面基本保持完整，而高于臨界值的時候試樣表面發生活性溶解。此外，對比三種試樣的耐腐蝕性能可以發現，打印角度為45°試樣的耐腐蝕性能優于其他試樣的性能。Abstract: Selective laser fusion (SLM) is an emerging 3D printing technology that can greatly shorten the processing cycle and reduce the production cost of medical implants, thus offering broad prospects for application in the biomedical field. In addition, its excellent corrosion resistance is a crucial characteristic for its application as a biomedical material. However, the corrosion behavior of SLM–TI6AL4V, especially its corrosion resistance, has not been a focus of extensive study to date. In this study, the microstructures and corrosion behavior of SLM–Ti6Al4V, which was produced via selective laser melting with fabrication angles of 30°, 45°, and 60°, in NaF-containing solutions were investigated using metalloscopy, scanning electron microscope, electrochemical measurement, and immersion test. According to microstructural analysis, SLM–Ti6Al4V is characterized by prior β grains with needle α' phases; the prior β grains for the sample with the fabrication angle of 45° are most like equiaxed, and the α' phase are the smallest. In addition, the sample with the fabrication angle of 45° has the smallest lattice distortion compared to the others. The electrochemical measurements reveal that with increasing NaF concentration, the corrosion resistance of all three samples deteriorates, and the critical fluoride concentration of the samples with fabrication angles of 30°, 45°, and 60° are in the range of 0.0005–0.00075 mol·L?1, 0.00075–0.001 mol·L?1, and 0.0005–0.00075 mol·L?1, respectively. From the results of the immersion test, in the solution with NaF concentrations less than the critical value, the surfaces of the three samples remain nearly intact, while in the solutions with more added NaF, active dissolution takes place on the sample surface. Comparing the results of the electrochemical measurements and the immersion test, the sample with the fabrication angle of 45° exhibits superior corrosion resistance.
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Key words:
- selective laser melting /
- Ti6Al4V /
- critical fluoride concentration /
- microstructure /
- anisotropy
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圖 1 打印角度30°、45°和60°的SLM–Ti6Al4V試樣示意圖
Figure 1. Schematic of SLM–Ti6Al4V with fabrication angles of 30°, 45°, and 60°
圖 2 不同打印角度SLM–Ti6Al4V 試樣的金相和掃描電鏡結果。（a）金相，30°；（b）金相，45°；（c）金相，60°；（d）掃描電鏡，30°；（e）掃描電鏡，45°；（f）掃描電鏡，60°
Figure 2. Metalloscopy, SEM results of SLM–Ti6Al4V samples: (a) metalloscopy, 30°; (b) metalloscopy, 45°; (c) metalloscopy, 60°; (d) SEM, 30°; (e) SEM, 45°; (f) SEM, 60°
圖 3 打印角度30°、45°和60°的SLM–Ti6Al4V試樣的X射線衍射圖
Figure 3. XRD patterns of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles
圖 4 不同打印角度SLM–Ti6Al4V 試樣的OCP結果。（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°；（d）OCP隨NaF濃度的變化
Figure 4. OCP results of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°; (d) distribution of OCP with NaF concentrations
圖 5 不同打印角度SLM–Ti6Al4V 試樣的極化曲線結果。（a）30°；（b）45°；（c）60°；（d）鈍化電流密度隨NaF濃度的變化
Figure 5. OCP results of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles: (a) 30°; (b) 45°; (c) 60°; (d) distribution of passive current density with NaF concentrations
圖 6 不同打印角度的SLM–Ti6Al4V 試樣的電化學交流阻抗圖（（a）30°，（b）45°，（c）60°），極化電阻圖（d），以及等效電路圖（e, f）
Figure 6. EIS results of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles ((a) 30°, (b) 45°, and (c) 60°); polarization resistance (d); and the equivalent electrical circuits (e, f)
圖 7 不同打印角度SLM–Ti6Al4V試樣在不同NaF濃度溶液中浸泡72 h后的腐蝕形貌
Figure 7. Morphologies of SLM–Ti6Al4V with different fabrication angles after immersed in different concentrations of NaF for 72 h
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