Causes of high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential under HVDC interference and influencing factors
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摘要: 基于實際的工程參數建立了高壓直流干擾電場計算模型，利用數值模擬計算技術對高壓直流干擾大幅值管地電位的產生原因進行探究。考察接地極與管道之間的間距、管道防腐層類型、管道長度及土壤結構等因素對高壓直流干擾下管地電位的影響規律，得到高壓直流干擾大幅值管地電位是在接地極與管道距離較近、防腐層的絕緣性能較高、管道長度較大及上低下高的土壤電阻率分層結構共同作用下產生的。Abstract: Since the 1950s, international studies have confirmed the technical advantages of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission projects, such as large capacity, low loss, and high stability. In recent years, due to the reverse distribution of energy demand and resources in China, large-scale long-distance transportation of energy is inevitable. HVDC is especially suitable for large-scale transmission projects such as “west to east power transmission” and “north to south power transmission.” Therefore, a number of HVDC projects have been built in China since the 1980s. However, with the large-scale construction of HVDC transmission projects, the interference effect of HVDC grounding electrode on metal facilities is increasingly prominent, in which the buried pipeline will produce high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential under HVDC interference. As a result, HVDC interference can cause damage to pipelines, personnel, and related equipment. However, there is no systematic analysis of the causes of high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential at home and at abroad. Based on the actual engineering parameters, this paper established a calculation model of the high-voltage direct current interference electric field on the buried pipeline and a numerical simulation technology was used to explore the causes of the high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential under HVDC interference. Moreover, the influence of the distance between the grounding electrode and the pipeline, the type of anti-corrosion coating, the length of the pipeline, and the soil structure on the pipe ground potential under HVDC interference was investigated. Results reveal that the high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential under HVDC interference is under the joint action of the short distance between the grounding electrode and the pipeline, the high insulation performance of the anti-corrosion layer, the large length of the pipeline, and the soil layered structure with low resistivity at upper and high resistivity at lower.
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Key words:
- HVDC /
- high amplitude of pipe-to-soil potential /
- causes /
- influencing factors /
- simulation calculation
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圖 1 接地極與管道相對位置示意圖
Figure 1. Diagram of relative position between the grounding electrode and pipeline
圖 2 模型計算結果與現場數據匹配圖
Figure 2. Matching diagram of model calculation results and field data
圖 3 高壓直流干擾中Esoil、Epipe和Epipe-to-soil三種計算電位示意圖
Figure 3. Diagram of the three calculated potentials of Esoil, Epipe, and Epipe-to-soil under HVDC interference
圖 4 基礎模型中管道沿線兩種電位計算結果。（a）Esoil；（b）Epipe
Figure 4. Calculation results of two potentials along the pipeline in the validation model: (a) Esoil; (b) Epipe
圖 5 接地極周圍土壤電位沿線分布圖
Figure 5. Distribution of soil potential around the grounding electrode
圖 6 高壓直流干擾時不同垂直間距下管道沿線三種電位計算結果。（a）Esoil；（b）Epipe；（c）Epipe-to-soil
Figure 6. Calculation results of three types of potential along the pipeline under different vertical spacings under HVDC interference: (a) Esoil; (b) Epipe; (c) Epipe-to-soil
圖 7 高壓直流干擾時不同防腐層下管道沿線三種電位計算結果。（a）Esoil；（b）Epipe；（c）Epipe-to-soil
Figure 7. Calculation results of three types of potential along the pipeline under different anticorrosive coatings under HVDC interference: (a) Esoil; (b) Epipe; (c) Epipe-to-soil
圖 8 高壓直流干擾時不同管道長度下管道沿線三種電位計算結果。（a）Esoil；（b）Epipe；（c）Epipe-to-soil
Figure 8. Calculation results of three types of potential along the pipeline under different pipeline lengths under HVDC interference: (a) Esoil; (b) Epipe; (c) Epipe-to-soil
圖 9 高壓直流干擾時不同底層土壤電阻率下管道沿線三種電位計算結果。（a）Esoil；（b）Epipe；（c）Epipe-to-soil
Figure 9. Calculation results of three potentials along the pipeline under different bottom soil resistivities under HVDC interference: (a) Esoil; (b) Epipe; (c) Epipe-to-soil
圖 10 不同底層與表層土壤電阻率之比下管道中心處Esoil、Epipe和Epipe-to-soil分布圖
Figure 10. Distribution of Esoil, Epipe, and Epipe-to-soil in the center of the pipeline under the ratio of soil resistivity of different bottom and surface layers
表 1 管道參數
Table 1. Pipe parameters
Parameters Outer radius
of pipe /
mmWall thickness /
mmDepth /
mVertical distance between the pipeline and grounding electrode / km Resistivity of anticorrosive coating / (Ω·m2) Pipe length /
kmBasic model 400 50 2 7 105 185 Vertical distance between the pipeline and grounding electrode 400 50 2 1/3/5/10 105 100 Pipeline anticorrosive coating 400 50 2 5 0/104/105 100 Pipe length 400 50 2 5 105 1/5/10/30/50/100 Soil structure 400 50 2 5 105 100 
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表 2 高壓直流接地極參數
Table 2. Parameters of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grounding electrode
Current in monopolar
mode / AStructure Radius of outer
ring / mRadius of inner
ring / mDepth /
m3200 Dual-loop structure 315 240 3.5
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表 3 土壤結構參數
Table 3. Soil structure parameters
Layers Thickness/m Resistivity/(Ω·m) First layer 2.5 25 Second layer 8.1 60.5 Third layer ∞ 790
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表 4 土壤結構計算的分層情況
Table 4. Layering of the soil structure calculation
No. First layer soil
resistivity/
(Ω·m)Second layer soil
resistivity/
(Ω·m)Third layer soil
resistivity/
(Ω·m)Ratio of bottom
to topsoil
resistivity1 25 60.5 5 0.2:1 2 25 60.5 12.5 0.5:1 3 25 60.5 25 1:1 4 25 60.5 50 2:1 5 25 60.5 100 4:1 6 25 60.5 300 12:1 7 25 60.5 800 32:1 8 25 60.5 1500 60:1 9 25 60.5 3000 120:1
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