Effect of rare earth Ce on MnS inclusions in high strength IF steel containing phosphorus during a continuous casting and rolling process
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摘要: 對含磷高強IF鋼中MnS夾雜物控制進行了分析。通過對含磷高強IF鋼中添加稀土進行對比試驗，借助掃描電鏡等設備對鑄坯1/8、1/2、7/8厚度方向的試樣以及熱軋、冷軋、連退工序的帶鋼試樣進行了夾雜物統計及二維形貌的觀測對比，并對鑄坯試樣中小樣電解的夾雜物及軋制各工序試樣中原貌提取的夾雜物進行三維形貌的觀測對比。結果表明：鑄坯中心MnS夾雜物數量分布明顯大于鑄坯近表面，稀土的加入，先與鋼中S相結合，并在凝固過程中較MnS提前析出，生成了小尺寸的球狀夾雜物，可明顯降低鑄坯各位置MnS夾雜物的尺寸及數量；未加稀土鋼在帶鋼軋制各工序中MnS夾雜物尺寸為10 μm左右，且具有遺傳性，在軋制過程中壓延變長，但沒有碎化彌散。加入稀土后形成了S–O–Ce類夾雜物，形態呈球形，尺寸為2～5 μm，且獨立彌散分布，不會對帶鋼組織連續性造成影響，有利于產品各相關性能。Abstract: The control of MnS inclusions in high strength IF steel containing phosphorus was analyzed. The inclusion statistics and two-dimensional morphologies of the samples at the slab thicknesses of 1/8, 1/2, and 7/8 and in hot rolling, cold rolling, and continuous annealing processes were observed and compared via an ASPEX scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, the three-dimensional morphologies of the inclusions extracted from the electrolysis of billet samples and inclusions extracted from the original rolling process samples were observed and compared. The results show that the amount distribution of MnS inclusions in the center of the slab is obviously larger than that near the surface of the slab. When a rare earth element is added, it is preferentially combined with the S in the steel and precipitates earlier than MnS in the solidification process, forming small spherical inclusions, which can significantly reduce the size and quantity of MnS inclusions at various positions of the slab. The size of MnS inclusions of the steel strip without a rare earth element addition is approximately 10 μm in each rolling process, which is inherited. During the rolling process, MnS inclusions become longer, but there is no fragmentation and dispersion. S–O–Ce inclusions are formed after adding a rare earth element. These inclusions are spherical, 2–5 μm in size, and distributed independently, which do not affect the structure continuity of the strip steel and benefit the relevant properties of the products.
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圖 4 1#和2#鑄坯不同位置MnS夾雜物尺寸及數量統計
Figure 4. Size and quantity statistics of MnS inclusions at different positions of 1# and 2# slabs
圖 5 1#（a）和2#（b）鑄坯電解后夾雜物形貌對比
Figure 5. Comparison of inclusion morphologies after electrolysis of 1# (a) and 2# (b) slabs
圖 7 軋制各工序1#和2#試樣MnS夾雜物尺寸及數量統計
Figure 7. Statistics of the size and quantity of MnS inclusions in 1# and 2# samples in each rolling process
圖 8 軋制各工序1#和2#帶鋼中典型夾雜物二維形貌對比。（a）1#熱軋；（b）1#冷軋；（c）1#連退；（d）2#熱軋；（e）2#冷軋；（f）2#連退
Figure 8. Comparison of the two-dimensional morphologies of typical inclusions in the 1# and 2# strips in each rolling process: (a) 1# hot rolling; (b) 1# cold rolling; (c) 1# continuous annealing; (d) 2# hot rolling; (e) 2# cold rolling; (f) 2# continuous annealing
圖 9 軋制各工序1#和2#帶鋼中典型夾雜物三維形貌對比。（a）1#熱軋；（b）1#冷軋；（c）1#連退；（d）2#熱軋；（e）2#冷軋；（f）2#連退
Figure 9. Comparison of the three-dimensional morphologies of typical inclusions in the 1# and 2# strips in each rolling process: (a) 1# hot rolling; (b) 1# cold rolling; (c) 1# continuous annealing; (d) 2# hot rolling; (e) 2# cold rolling; (f) 2# continuous annealing
表 1 試驗鋼化學成分(質量分數)
Table 1. Chemical composition of the tested steel
% C Si Mn P S Als Nb Ti B Ce 0.0020 0.15 0.68 0.078 0.005 0.029 0.027 0.022 0.0012 — 
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表 2 軋制各工序執行的工藝方案
Table 2. Process plan for each rolling process
Roughing temperature/
℃Beginning temperature of finishing rolling /
℃End temperature
of finishing
rolling /℃Coiling temperature/
℃Heating-up section temperature/℃ Soaking section ttemperature/℃ Rapid cooling section temperature/℃ Overaging section temperature/℃ Final cooling section temperature/℃ 1100 1050 920 720 800 800 300 ± 20 ≤400 ≤150
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表 3 IF鋼加入稀土Ce后鋼中化學成分(質量分數)
Table 3. Chemical composition of the test steel after adding Ce
% C Si Mn P S Als Nb Ti B Ce 0.0018 0.14 0.70 0.074 0.005 0.032 0.025 0.025 0.0010 0.0022
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表 4 稀土夾雜物生成的熱力學計算
Table 4. Thermodynamic calculation of the formation of rare earth inclusions
% 化學反應式 $\Delta {G^{\ominus}}$$ {\rm{ = }}A{\rm{ + }}BT\;{\rm{J}}\cdot{{\rm{mol}}^{{\rm{ - 1}}}} $ A B 2[Ce] + 3[O] = Ce2O3(s) ?1431090.0 360.06 [Ce] + 2[O] = CeO2(s) ?854274.7 249.11 [Ce] + [S] = CeS(s) ?422783.0 120.58 2[Ce] + 3[S] = Ce2S3(s) ?1074584.0 328.24 3[Ce] + 4[S] = Ce3S4(s) ?1493010.0 438.90 2[Ce] + 2[O] + [S] = Ce2O2S(s) ?1353592.4 331.60 [Ce] + [Al] + 3[O] = CeAlO3(s) ?1366460.0 364.00
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