LF精煉過程砷脫除的工業試驗

摘要: 基于煉鋼生產過程中殘余元素砷較難脫除的特點，并結合以往實驗室熱態脫砷研究結果。通過鋼包精煉爐（Ladle furnace refining furnace, LF爐）鋼液脫砷工業試驗，研究了LF精煉煉鋼過程中有關砷的脫除方法。采用Al–Mg–Ca合金作為脫砷劑，研究發現，LF爐可以實現鋼液精煉脫砷，但鋼液精煉過程中硫和鈣的含量是實現工業條件下脫砷的限制環節。因此，必須控制鋼液中硫和鈣的含量以保證鋼液脫砷效果。LF爐精煉脫砷之前必須將鋼液中的硫含量降至低于0.01%，加入Al–Mg–Ca合金后鋼液中鈣含量需高于0.0055%。
- 殘余元素 /
- 脫砷 /
- 鋼液 /
- 砷 /
- 精煉
Abstract: With the gradual depletion of high-grade iron ore resources, the usage amount of low-grade iron ore is increasing year by year. Moreover, given the environmental protection requirements and the objective to reduce industrial cost, the usage of scrap is significantly increasing. The above occurrences have led to a large increase in the percentage of residual elemental arsenic in steel. Also, the requirement for lower arsenic content in finished steel is increasingly stricter. Presently, the iron and steel enterprises have not yet developed a mature technology for dearsenication in molten steel; moreover, the theoretical studies on the dearsenication in molten steel are relatively few, which lead to a lack of relevant theoretical data. Therefore, how to realize an effective method for dearsenication in molten steel is a technical problem in the iron and steel industry. Considering the problems of poor dearsenication in the steelmaking process and the previous experimental results of dearsenication in laboratory. The dearsenication in the process of steelmaking was investigated through an industrial trial of dearsenication in the molten steel in the ladle furnace (LF) refining furnace. The Al–Mg–Ca alloy was chosen as dearseicating agent, The industrial test about dearsenication in the molten steel show: the dearsenication in the molten steel can be realized in the LF furnace, the sulfur and calcium content in the molten steel is restrictive factor for dearsenication under industrial condition; the control level of sulfur and calcium in molten steel is put forward to ensure the effect of dearsenication. The sulfur content in molten steel must be reduced to less than 0.01% before dearsenicating in LF furnace, the calcium should be higher than 0.0055% after adding Al–Mg–Ca alloy.
- residual element /
- dearsenication /
- molten steel /
- arsenic /
- refine

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圖 1 LF爐中硫含量變化

Figure 1. Change of sulphur content in LF furnace

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圖 2 LF爐中砷含量變化

Figure 2. Change of arsenic content in LF furnace

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圖 3 LF爐中鈣含量變化

Figure 3. Change of calcium content in LF furnace

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表 1 Al–Mg–Ca合金化學成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of Al–Ma–Ca alloy %

Al	Mg	Ca	Fe
45	2	14	39

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表 2 工業脫砷試驗結果

Table 2. Industrial trial result of dearsenication

No.	Initial w_S/%	Final w_S/%	Initial w_As/%	Final w_As/%	Alloy usage/kg	Desulphurization rate/%	Dearsenication rate/%
1	0.046	0.006	0.017	0.019	120	86.9
2	0.048	0.005	0.020	0.021	200	89.6
3	0.022	0.004	0.015	0.005	200	81.8	66.7
4	0.036	0.007	0.015	0.016	130	80.5
5	0.035	0.003	0.013	0.008	160	91.4	38.5
6	0.035	0.005	0.013	0.014	280	85.7
7	0.080	0.004	0.016	0.007	190	95.0	56.2
8	0.041	0.010	0.015	0.015	100	75.6
9	0.047	0.012	0.013	0.014	100	74.4
10	0.053	0.008	0.017	0.018	115	84.9
11	0.038	0.008	0.026	0.027	240	78.9
12	0.045	0.006	0.014	0.015	330	88.9
13	0.012	0.002	0.015	0.007	320	83.3	53.3
14	0.029	0.003	0.017	0.010	250	89.7	41.1
15	0.050	0.004	0.018	0.018	130	92.0
Note: w_S is the mass fraction of sulphur, and w_As is the mass fraction of arsenic in the molten steel.

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