Influence of the proportion of granular sludge and flocculent sludge on the degradation efficiency of tomato paste wastewater
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摘要: 以番茄醬加工廢水為培養基質，以SBR反應器的運行模式探討顆粒化過程中的顆粒污泥粒徑變化及對COD、N、P的去除能力；并分析顆粒污泥和絮體污泥以不同比例共存時的污泥特性、出水水質、有機污染物降解能力和混合污泥系統的污泥最佳比例。顆粒污泥的優勢粒徑范圍在0.45～3 mm之間，對COD、
${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N和${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P的去除率分別達到98%以上、90%以上和90%以上。顆粒污泥質量比占總污泥50%時，對COD的去除率最高，達到98%以上，對$ {{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}}$ —N的去除率為78.72%，出水${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P質量濃度在1.0 mg·L?1左右，去除率可以達到70.68%，其脫氮除磷效果較好。顆粒污泥質量分數<75%時，對COD的去除率達到98%以上，對出水${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N和${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P去除率均達到90%以上。SVI30值低于35 mL·g?1，SVI5/SVI30接近1，MLVSS/MLSS為0.90，活性高，污泥沉降性能好，微生物生長旺盛，有望通過排出老化顆粒，控制顆粒污泥質量分數≥75%，保持絮體污泥和顆粒污泥的合適比例為10%～25%，同時，實驗粒徑范圍控制在0.45～3.00 mm，采用雙向排泥方式，將粒徑大于3.0 mm的顆粒和多余的絮體污泥一起排除反應池，其有機物去除性能優異，可實現顆粒污泥的長期穩定運行，解決顆粒污泥解體問題。Abstract: The removal process of waste water sludge formed in tomato sauce processing plants was analyzed and explored. The operation mode of sequencing batch reactors (SBR) was used to explore the changes in particle sizes and the removal capacity of COD, N and P in the process of granulation; the sludge characteristics, water quality, organic pollutant degradation capacity and the optimal proportion of sludge in the mixed sludge system were analyzed when the particle sludge and flocculent sludge coexisted in different proportions. The majority of particle sizes of granular sludge are in the range of 0.45?3 mm, and the removal rates of COD,${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N and${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P are over 98%, 90% and 90% respectively. When the quality ratio of granular sludge accounts for 50% of the total sludge, the removal rate of COD is the highest, which is more than 98%, the removal rate of${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N is 78.72%, and the concentration of${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P in the effluent is about 1.0 mg·L?1, the removal rate of can reach 70.68%. The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is also good. When the quality proportion of granular sludge is more than 75%, the removal rate of COD is higher than 98%, and the removal rate of${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N and${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P is higher than 90%. SVI30 value is lower than 35 mL·g?1, SVI5/SVI30 is close to 1, MLVSS/MLSS is 0.90, with high activity, good sludge settling performance, and vigorous growth of microorganisms. Therefore, SBR is expected to discharge aged particles, control the quality proportion of granular sludge ≥75%, and maintain the required proportion of flocculent sludge and granular sludge of 10%–25%. At the same time, the particle size range is controlled at 0.45–3.00 mm. Two way sludge discharge is used to remove particles larger than 3.0 mm together with excess flocculent sludge. The reactor has excellent organic matter removal performance. It can realize the long-term stable operation, effectively remove the granular sludge, and solve the problem of granular sludge disintegration. -
圖 3 AGS系統對
${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N的去除效果Figure 3. Removal effect of AGS system on
${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N
圖 4 AGS系統對
${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P的去除效果Figure 4. Removal effect of aerobic granular sludge system on
${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P
圖 5 各組污泥指標。（a） SVI；（b）MLSS、MLVSS
Figure 5. Sludge index of each group: (a) SVI；(b) MLSS、MLVSS
圖 7 混合污泥對
${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N、${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P的去除。（a）${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N的去除；（b）${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P的去除Figure 7. Removal of
${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N、${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P by mixed sludge：(a) removal of${{\rm{NH}}_{4}^{+}} $ —N；(b) removal of${{\rm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}} $ —P表 1 試驗污泥分組
Table 1. Test sludge grouping
% Group number Mass fraction of flocculent sludge Mass fraction of granular sludge Total mass fraction of sludge A 75 25 100 B 50 50 100 C 25 75 100 
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表 2 人工合成番茄醬加工廢水的組分
Table 2. Components of wastewater from tomato sauce processing
mg·L?1 Element Chemical composition Component concentration Trace elements (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O 0.05 Al2(SO4)3·18H2O 0.25 H3BO4 0.05 CuCl2 0.05 NiCl·6H2O 0.05 CoCl2·6H2O 0.05 MnSO4·H2O 0.05 ZnSO4·7H2O 0.11 Constant element CaCl2 20 FeCl3·6H2O 0.83 MgSO4·7H2O 50
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