無人機遙感在礦業領域應用現狀及發展態勢

王昆; 楊鵬; 呂文生; 諸利一; 于廣明

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.12.18.003

無人機遙感在礦業領域應用現狀及發展態勢

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.12.18.003

王昆¹,
楊鵬^{2, 3, ,},
呂文生³,
諸利一³,
于廣明⁴

1.
山東科技大學能源與礦業工程學院，青島 266590
2.
北京聯合大學北京市信息服務工程重點實驗室，北京 100101
3.
北京科技大學土木與資源工程學院，北京 100083
4.
青島理工大學土木工程學院，青島 266033

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金資助項目（51774045）；“十三五”國家重點研發計劃資助項目（2017YFC0804600）

詳細信息

通訊作者:
E-mail：yangpeng@buu.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TD77.1
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-18
- 網絡出版日期: 2022-10-14
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-20

Current status and development trend of UAV remote sensing applications in the mining industry

1.
College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
2.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China
3.
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
4.
School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: yangpeng@buu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 無人機遙感技術是融合無人機、遙感傳感器、差分定位、通信等技術以實現地理環境信息快速采集處理與應用分析的新興技術。本文介紹了無人機遙感平臺構成、技術現狀及工作流程，并通過大量國內外文獻調研系統梳理其在礦業領域應用場景與實際案例，結合當前技術供給短板分析發展態勢。研究表明：（1）無人機遙感技術具備成本低廉、機動性強、數據采集靈活、時效性強、可重復、高分辨率等無可比擬的優勢；（2）當前礦業領域主要應用于露天礦生產管理、尾礦庫安全監測、災害應急救援、礦區環境監測、邊坡災害防治；（3）規范監管、簡化操控方式、提升續航時間、改善成果精度、拓展應用場景是技術應用發展趨勢。無人機遙感技術在礦業領域具備廣闊應用前景，勢必成為智慧礦山建設中不可缺少的重要組成部分。
- 無人機 /
- 遙感 /
- 攝影測量 /
- 礦業 /
- 智慧礦山
Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing is a state-of-the-art technology that integrates UAV, remote sensing sensor, GPS differential positioning, communication, and other technologies to achieve rapid collection, processing, and analysis of geographic environmental information. UAV remote sensing is considered an important supplement of spaceborne remote sensing and is recently being widely used in the topographical surveying and mapping, precision agriculture, heritage inspection, and emergency rescue, etc. For the traditional mining industry, high-quality and real-time UAV remote sensing data can be obtained at reasonable costs and benefit the mining operations, particularly for numerous small- and medium-scale mining sites where equipments and professional expertise are expensive. However, application scenarios of UAV remote sensing in the mining industry are rarely reported and lack systematic review. Therefore, the definition, platform composition, current status, and general workflow of UAV remote sensing technology were summarized in this study. Then, through significant domestic and foreign literature surveys, the application scenarios and practical case studies of UAV remote sensing in the mining industry were systematically presented. Finally, the development trend was analyzed on the basis of the shortcomings of current technology. Results show that (1) UAV remote sensing technology has the advantages of low costs, strong maneuverability, flexible data sampling settings, timeliness, repeatability, and high resolution. (2) The current applications of UAV remote sensing in the mining industry mainly include the operations management of open-pit mines, safety monitoring of tailing ponds, emergency rescue, environmental monitoring of mining areas, and prevention and control of slope disasters. (3) The development trend of UAV remote sensing technology application will include the standardization of UAV supervision, simplification of UAV control mode, augmentation of UAV endurance time, improvement of the quality of results, and further expansion of application scenarios. UAV remote sensing technology has broad application prospects in the mining industry and is bound to become an indispensable part of smart mines.
- unmanned aerial vehicle /
- remote sensing /
- photogrammetry /
- mining industry /
- smart mine

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圖 1 無人機攝影測量作業常規作業流程

Figure 1. General workflow of UAV photogrammetry

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表 1 常見消費級無人機參數

Table 1. Specifications of common consumer-grade UAV drones

Type	Product	Mass/ kg	Wingspan/diagonal size/cm	Battery capacity/ (mA·h)	Surveying sensor	Maximum flight endurance/min	Maximum speed/ （km·h^?1）	Maximum transmission distance/km
Fixed-wing UAV	Feima F300	3.75	180	―	42-MP Sony RX1RII camera/oblique module/thermal infrared module	90	―	10
	SenseFly eBee Classic	0.69	96	2150	20-MP S.O.D.A. camera/Sequoia + multispectral sensor/thermal sensor	50	90.0	3.0
	TrimbleUX5	2.50	100	6000	24-MP Sony a5100 camera	50	80.0	5.0
	PrioriaMaveric	1.16	74.9	―	Digital camera/thermal infrared camera	45–60	101.0	15.0
	WingtraWingtraOne	3.70	125	6800	42-MP Sony RX1RII camera/multispectral sensor/thermal infrared sensor	55	57.6	8.0
Multi-rotor UAV	DJI Phantom 4 Pro/Feima D1000	1.39	35	5870	20-MP 1"CMOS	28	72.0	7.0
	DJIInspire 2	3.44	60.5	4280	24-MP Zenmuse X7	23	94.0	7.0
	YuneecTyphoon H Plus	1.70	52	5400	20-MP 1"CMOS	25	72.0	1.6
	ParrotANAFI	0.32	―	2700	21-MP 1/2.4" CMOS	25	55.0	4.0

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