Effect of graphene content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of graphene-reinforced Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg matrix composites
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摘要: 低溫球磨分散結合真空熱壓燒結工藝制備了石墨烯增強的Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg基復合材料.采用掃描電鏡、X射線衍射、能譜分析和透射電鏡表征了復合材料微觀結構，通過抗拉強度和硬度測試，研究了石墨烯添加量對石墨烯/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料微觀組織和力學性能的影響.結果表明：當石墨烯質量分數分別為0.4%和0.8%，石墨烯沿基體晶界均勻分布，釘扎晶界，石墨烯與Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg基體界面結合良好，初晶β-Si、Mg2Si和Al2Cu相彌散分布于基體中.當石墨烯質量分數上升至1%，石墨烯分散困難，過量石墨烯富集于晶粒邊界處，誘發脆性魚骨狀Al4Cu2Mg8Si7相沿晶界析出.當石墨烯質量分數為0.8%時，石墨烯/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料的拉伸強度和硬度分別達到321 MPa和HV 98，相比純Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料分別提高了19.3%和46.2%；當石墨烯質量分數為0.4%時，復合材料的屈服強度高達221 MPa，硬度和塑性亦獲得明顯改善.
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關鍵詞:
- 石墨烯/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料 /
- 石墨烯 /
- 微觀組織 /
- 力學性能 /
- 硬度
Abstract: A graphene-nanoflakes (GNFs)-reinforced GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composite was prepared through low-temperature ball-grinder milling and vacuum hot-press sintering. The influences of the GNFs mass content on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composite were investigated via scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, energy disperse spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope. Meanwhile, tensile strength and micro-hardness tests were conducted. The corresponding result show that for the specimens with 0.4% and 0.8% (mass fraction) GNFs in mass fraction, the nanoflakes are concentrated on the border of the aluminum alloy grain and played a major role in restraining the matrix grain expansion and avoiding crystal particle coarsening. Moreover, the interface bonding between the GNFs and Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg matrix is strong. There are primary β-Si particles, Mg2Si, and Al2Cu-phase precipitated dispersedly throughout the aluminum matrix. The strong interface bonding between the GNFs and Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg matrix leads to the effective impeding of the dislocation slippage and the improvement in the properties of the GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composites. With the addition of the 1.0% GNFs, it is difficult for the GNFs to disperse but easy for them to cluster together to form black impurities on the grain border, inducing brittle Al4Cu2Mg8Si7 phase precipitation along the aluminum alloy grain boundary. As the content of GNFs increases, the composite tensile strength first increases and then decreases. With an addition of 0.8% GNFs, the composite exhibited higher strength and micro- hardness (321 MPa of tensile strength and HV 98 of micro hardness), with the strength and micro-hardness increasing by 19.3%和46.2%, respectively, compared with the pure Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composite without added GNFs. With the addition of 0.4% GNFs, the yield strength reaches 221 MPa; however, the micro-hardness and ductility (elongation rate) are enhanced. The combined properties of the GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composite obtained are clearly improved.-
Key words:
- GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composites /
- graphene nanoflakes /
- morphology /
- mechanical properties /
- hardness
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圖 1 石墨烯納米片(GNFs)的掃描電鏡形貌(a)，X射線衍射圖譜(b)以及Raman光譜比較(c)
Figure 1. Morphology and Raman spectra of the graphene nanoflakes(GNFs): (a) SEM image; (b)XRD pattern; (c) comparing of Raman spectra
圖 2 GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料的微觀組織(a)和能譜分析(b)
Figure 2. Morphology (a) and EDS-date analysis (b) of GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg specimen with 0.8% GNFs: (a) SEM image; (b)EDS date analysis
圖 3 GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料(質量分數0.4%)室溫拉伸斷裂后的微觀組織
Figure 3. TEM images of GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composite (a) interface of graphene and matrix (b) GNFs dispersion in matrix
圖 4 1.0% GNFs添加量GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料形貌(a)與X射線衍射圖譜(b)
Figure 4. SEM image (a) and XRD pattern (b) of GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg for 1.0% GNFs
圖 5 GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg復合材料的應力-應變曲線
Figure 5. Stress-strain curves and tensile properties of the GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composites at room temperature
圖 6 GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-1Mg復合材料的斷口形貌. (a) 0.4% GNFs; (b) 1.0% GNFs
Figure 6. Fracture morphology of the GNFs/Al-15Si-4Cu-Mg composites: (a) 0.4% GNFs; (b) 1.0% GNFs
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