基于氮化鈦–石墨烯的傳感器對多巴胺和尿酸的電化學檢測

楊濤; 馮嬌; 陳俊紅; 周國治; 侯新梅

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.07.04.034

基于氮化鈦–石墨烯的傳感器對多巴胺和尿酸的電化學檢測

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.07.04.034

1.
北京科技大學鋼鐵共性技術協同創新中心，北京 100083
2.
北京科技大學材料科學與工程學院，北京 100083

基金項目: 國家自然科學基金優秀青年基金資助項目(51522402)；博士后創新人才支持計劃資助項目(BX20180034)；國家自然科學基金青年基金資助項目(51902020)；博士后科學基金資助項目(2018M641192)；中央高校基本科研業務費資助項目(FRF-TP-18-045A1)

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通訊作者:
E-mail: houxinmeiustb@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: O657.1
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2019-12-01

Electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid using a titanium nitride-graphene composite sensor

1.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: houxinmeiustb@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 采用水熱法和還原氮化法合成了菊花狀形貌的氮化鈦（TiN）納米材料，并將其與還原氧化石墨烯（rGO）水熱復合制備了氮化鈦–還原氧化石墨烯（TiN-rGO）復合材料。利用掃描電鏡、X射線衍射、X射線光電子能譜等測試方法對材料的形貌和物相進行了表征和分析。結果表明，TiN-rGO復合材料很好地保持了TiN菊花狀的三維結構和rGO透明褶皺的形貌，且層狀的rGO均勻地包覆在了菊花狀的TiN的周圍。用TiN-rGO復合材料修飾玻碳電極（GCE）制得了TiN-rGO/GCE電化學傳感器，用于測定人體中的生物小分子DA和UA。由于復合材料中TiN和rGO的協同效應，構建的電化學傳感器表現出了優秀的電化學性能。檢測結果表明：TiN-rGO/GCE傳感器對DA和UA的檢測限分別為0.11和0.12 μmol·L^?1，線性范圍分別為0.5～210 μmol·L^?1和5～350 μmol·L^?1，且具有良好的抗干擾性、重現性和穩定性，且成功應用于人體內真實樣品的DA和UA檢測。
- 氮化鈦 /
- 還原氧化石墨烯 /
- 多巴胺 /
- 尿酸 /
- 電化學傳感器
Abstract: Dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) are small biological molecules involved in many important processes in the human body. Their concentrations are closely related to human health. Abnormal concentrations of these molecules lead to various diseases, such as Parkinson's and gout, so monitoring of DA and UA in blood and urine, respectively, is very meaningful in clinical analysis. Electrochemical sensor detection is a widely-used method in the field of biological analysis owing to its advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, low cost, environmental friendliness, etc. In this paper, titanium nitride (TiN) nanomaterial with chrysanthemum morphology was synthesized by hydrothermal and reduction nitridation methods toward preparation of an effective electrochemical sensor for human testing. It was further combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through the hydrothermal method to form a titanium nitride-reduced graphene oxide (TiN-rGO) composite material. The phase and morphology of the material were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and other test methods. The results show that the TiN-rGO composite material maintaines the three-dimensional chrysanthemum-like morphology of TiN, and the transparent and wrinkled morphology of rGO. The chrysanthemum-like TiN is uniformly coated with the layered rGO. The TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor was then prepared by modifying the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with TiN-rGO composite material for the determination DA and UA levels in the human body. Due to the synergistic effect of TiN and rGO in the composite, the constructed electrochemical sensor exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. The detection results show that the detection limits of DA and UA for the TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor are 0.11 and 0.12 μmol·L^?1, respectively, and the linear ranges are 0.5?210 μmol·L^?1 and 5?350 μmol·L^?1, respectively. TiN-rGO/GCE electrochemical sensor also has good anti-interference, reproducibility and stability, and has been successfully applied in the detection of DA and UA in real human samples.
- titanium nitride /
- reduced graphene oxide /
- dopamine /
- uric acid /
- electrochemical sensor

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圖 1 TiN (a, b)和TiN-rGO(c, d)的掃描電鏡圖

Figure 1. SEM patterns of TiN (a, b) and TiN-rGO (c, d)

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圖 2 (a) TiO₂、TiN與TiN-rGO的X射線衍射圖譜；(b) TiN-rGO的X射線光電子能譜全譜圖；(c) C 1s高分辨率X射線光電子能譜

Figure 2. (a) XRD patterns of TiO₂, TiN, and TiN-rGO; full XPS spectrum (b) and high-resolution spectrum of C 1 s (c) of TiN-rGO

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圖 3 GCE，TiN/GCE和TiN-rGO/GCE電極的循環伏安圖 (a)和交流阻抗圖(b)

Figure 3. CV curves (a) and EIS (b) spectra of GCE, TiN/GCE, and TiN-rGO/GCE

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圖 4 TiN-rGO/GCE和GCE在0.1 mol·L^?1 PBS(pH值為7)中，含0.5 mmol·L^?1 DA和UA，掃描速率100 mV?s^?1的循環伏安圖

Figure 4. CV curves of 0.5 mmol·L^?1 DA and UA in 0.1 mol·L^?1 PBS (pH value of 7) on GCE and TiN-rGO/GCE with scan rate of 100 mV?s^?1

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圖 5 TiN-rGO/GCE在0.1 mol·L^?1的PBS(pH值為7)中差分脈沖伏安法檢測結果. (a) DA的差分脈沖伏安圖；(b) DA峰電流與濃度的關系；(c) UA的差分脈沖伏安圖；(d) UA峰電流與濃度的關系

Figure 5. DPV detection by TiN-rGO/GCE in 0.1 mol·L^?1 PBS (pH 7): (a) DPV of the detection of DA; (b) relationship between peak current and concentration of DA; (c) DPV of the detection of UA; (d) relationship between peak current and concentration of UA

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圖 6 TiN-rGO/GCE在0.1 mol·L^?1 PBS（pH 7）中加入10 μmol·L^?1 DA (a)和10 μmol·L^?1 UA (b)以及干擾物的計時電流響應圖

Figure 6. Amperometric responses of TiN-rGO/GCE upon addition of 10 μmol·L^?1 DA (a), 10 μmol·L^?1 UA (b), and interfering substances in 0.1 mol·L^?1 PBS (pH 7)

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表 1 不同電極檢測DA和UA的效果對比

Table 1. Comparison of the detection effects of different electrodes on DA and UA

電極	檢測限/(μmol·L^?1)		線性范圍/(μmol·L^?1)			文獻
電極	DA	UA		DA	UA	文獻
Au-RGO/GCE	1.40	1.80		6.8～41	8.8～53	[22]
PImox-GO	0.63	0.59		12～278	3.6～250	[23]
RGO-CNT-Au	3.30	0.33		10～320	1～114	[24]
RGO-ZnO/GCE	0.33	1.08		1～70	3～330	[25]
TiN-rGO/GCE	0.11	0.12		0.5～210	5～350	本文

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表 2 真實樣品中檢測DA和UA

Table 2. Detection results of DA and UA in real samples

樣品	物質	加入/ (μmol·L^?1)	檢測^*/ (μmol·L^?1)	回收率/ %	相對標準差，RSD/%
1	DA	56	56.6	101.07	0.52
	UA	40	39.8	99.58	0.22
2	DA	90	90.8	100.89	0.15
	UA	77	77.1	100.13	0.10
注：*為3次測量的平均值。

下載: 導出CSV

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