基于全波形的煤樣單軸壓縮破壞聲電時頻特征

婁全; 何學秋; 宋大釗; 李振雷; 王安虎; 孫冉

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.07.005

基于全波形的煤樣單軸壓縮破壞聲電時頻特征

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.07.005

婁全^{1, 2, 3},
何學秋^{1, 3, ,},
宋大釗¹,
李振雷¹,
王安虎¹,
孫冉¹

1.
北京科技大學土木與資源工程學院, 北京 100083
2.
河南城建學院市政與環境工程學院, 平頂山 467036
3.
中國礦業大學(北京)應急管理與安全工程學院, 北京 100083

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金資助項目 51634001

國家自然科學基金資助項目 51774023

國家重點研發計劃資助項目 2016YFC0801408

詳細信息

通訊作者:
何學秋, E-mail: hexq@ustb.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TD76
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- 被引次數: 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2018-05-28
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-01

Time-frequency characteristics of acoustic-electric signals induced by coal fracture under uniaxial compression based on full-waveform

LOU Quan^{1, 2, 3},
HE Xue-qiu^{1, 3
, ,},
SONG Da-zhao¹,
LI Zhen-lei¹,
WANG An-hu¹,
SUN Ran¹

1.
School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China
3.
School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: HE Xue-qiu, E-mail: hexq@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 建立了煤巖受載破壞聲電全波形同步采集系統, 對煤樣單軸壓縮破壞過程中的聲電信號進行了全波形采集, 研究了聲電信號能量與載荷降之間的相關關系, 并分析了聲電信號的頻譜特征. 結果表明: (1)煤體受載破壞過程中產生顯著的聲電信號; 電磁輻射信號是陣發性的, 僅伴隨載荷降和較高強度聲發射信號出現; (2)相對于聲發射, 電磁輻射與載荷降有更好的相關性; 與煤體受載破壞的能量釋放累積量相關聯的聲電信號能量和載荷降累計值三者之間均呈高度正相關; (3)電磁輻射優勢頻帶窄于聲發射, 前者主要集中在1~25 kHz, 后者主要集中在1~280 kHz; 受同一裂紋萌生和擴展的影響, 兩者在頻譜和主頻分布上都有近似的低頻成分.
- 煤體破壞 /
- 全波形 /
- 聲發射 /
- 電磁輻射 /
- 時頻特征
Abstract: The geological conditions of coal mines in China are complicated. In recent years, with the continuous increase of intensity and depth of coal mining, coal and rock dynamic disasters are becoming more and more serious, and an important factor threatening the safety of coal mining. The accurate monitoring and early warning of coal and rock dynamic disasters are of great significance for disaster prevention. A large number of experiments conducted on both laboratory and field scales have demonstrated that the energy accumulated in rock material under loading can be released in the forms of acoustic emission (AE), electromagnetic radiation (EMR), etc. Therefore, AE and EMR, as the real-time, dynamic and continuous geophysical monitoring methods, have been widely used and played important roles in the field of monitoring and early-warning of coal and rock dynamic disasters in mines. To further study the time-frequency characteristics of AE and EMR and the relationships between these characteristics and load, and to provide the experimental basis for the monitoring and early warning of coal and rock dynamic disasters, an acoustic-electric full-waveform synchronous acquisition system of coal and rock fracture under loading was constructed in this paper. Using this system, the full-waveforms of AE and EMR of failure processes of coal samples under uniaxial compression were collected. The correlations among AE energy, EMR energy and load drop were studied, and the spectral characteristics of AE and EMR were analyzed. The results show that, (1) obvious acoustic-electric signals are emitted during the process of coal failure under loading. EMR is the paroxysmal signal, only accompanied by load drop and higher intensity AE. (2) Compared with AE, EMR has a higher correlation with load drop. There are high positive correlations among the cumulative values, relating to the cumulative released energy of coal fracture under loading, of AE energy, EMR energy and load drop. (3) The superiority frequency band of EMR is narrower than that of AE, with the former mainly concentrated in 1-25 kHz and the latter mainly in 1-280 kHz. Influenced by the initiation and propagation of the same crack, AE and EMR have similar low frequency components in the spectrum and main-frequency distribution.
- coal fracture /
- full-waveform /
- acoustic emission /
- electromagnetic radiation /
- time-frequency characteristics

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圖 1 煤巖受載破壞聲電全波形同步采集系統示意圖

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of acoustic-electric full-waveform synchronous acquisition system of coal and rock fracture under loading

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 煤樣實物圖. (a)趙固二礦煤樣；(b)火鋪礦煤樣

Figure 2. Photographs of partial coal samples: (a) samples of Zhaogu No.2 coal mine; (b) samples of Huopu coal mine

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 聲發射傳感器和環形電磁天線布置實物圖

Figure 3. Arrangement photograph of acoustic emission sensor and loop antenna

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 4 聲發射幅度、電磁輻射幅度和載荷的時序曲線比較. (a)試樣zg1；(b)試樣hp1

Figure 4. Comparisons among time-series curves of acoustic emission amplitude, electromagnetic radiation amplitude and load: (a) sample zg1; (b) sample hp1

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 5 試樣zg1載荷降和聲電能量對比. (a)載荷降及其累計值；(b)電磁輻射能量及其累計值；(c)聲發射能量及其累計值

Figure 5. Comparisons among load drop, and energy of acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation for sample zg1: (a) load drop and its cumulative value; (b) electromagnetic radiation energy and its cumulative value; (c) acoustic emission energy and its cumulative value

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 6 試樣hp1載荷降和聲電能量對比. (a)載荷降及其累計值；(b)電磁輻射能量及其累計值；(c)聲發射能量及其累計值

Figure 6. Comparisons among load drop, and energy of acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation for sample hp1: (a) load drop and its cumulative value; (b) electromagnetic radiation energy and its cumulative value; (c) acoustic emission energy and its cumulative value

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 7 電磁輻射和聲發射頻譜圖. (a)試樣zg1；(b)試樣hp1

Figure 7. Spectra of acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation: (a) sample zg1; (b) sample hp1

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 8 電磁輻射和聲發射平均頻譜. (a)試樣zg1；(b)試樣hp1

Figure 8. Average-spectra of acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation: (a) sample zg1; (b) sample hp1

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 9 電磁輻射和聲發射主頻頻次統計. (a)趙固二礦煤樣；(b)火鋪礦煤樣

Figure 9. Main-frequency statistics for acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation: (a) samples of Zhaogu No.2 coal mine; (b) samples of Huopu coal mine

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 煤樣載荷降和聲電能量相關性統計

Table 1. Correlation coefficients among load drop, and energy of acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation of coal samples

試樣編號	相關性系數
試樣編號	載荷降與電磁輻射能量	累計載荷降與累計電磁輻射能量	載荷降與聲發射能量	累計載荷降與累計聲發射能量	電磁輻射能量與聲發射能量	累計電磁輻射能量與累計聲發射能量
zg1	0.788	0.977	0.720	0.988	0.860	0.954
zg2	0.763	0.991	0.689	0.947	0.632	0.966
zg3	0.876	0.998	0.765	0.955	0.782	0.952
zg4	0.808	0.970	0.628	0.966	0.360	0.896
zg5	0.835	0.966	0.577	0.975	0.516	0.965
平均值	0.814	0.980	0.676	0.966	0.630	0.946
hp1	0.980	0.985	0.583	0.894	0.478	0.902
hp2	0.857	0.988	0.492	0.909	0.481	0.919
hp3	0.699	0.973	0.520	0.905	0.436	0.875
hp4	0.909	0.978	0.718	0.919	0.800	0.971
hp5	0.745	0.989	0.403	0.978	0.583	0.970
平均值	0.838	0.983	0.543	0.921	0.556	0.928
總平均值	0.826	0.981	0.610	0.944	0.593	0.937

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