鎢冶煉渣綜合回收利用的研究進展

楊俊彥; 齊申; 劉海; 王文科; 黃景存; 張建東; 車小奎; 宋波; 王力軍

doi:10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.12.004

鎢冶煉渣綜合回收利用的研究進展

doi: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.12.004

1) 北京有色金屬研究總院稀有金屬冶金材料研究所, 北京 100088
2) 北京科技大學冶金與生態工程學院, 北京 100083
3) 中國五礦集團公司, 北京 100010

基金項目:

國家科技部高技術研究發展計劃資助項目（2013AA065703）

詳細信息

中圖分類號: TF09
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2017-12-05

Progress of research related to the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag

1) Mining, Metallurgy & Materials Research Institue, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
2) School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3) China Minmetals Corporation, Beijing 100010, China

摘要

摘要: 綜述了鎢冶煉渣中有用金屬回收利用現狀與研究進展，介紹了黑鎢和白鎢的冶煉工藝、鎢、錫、鉭、鈮、鈧回收工藝與理論、鎢冶煉渣的減量化處理研究進展.重選和浮選工藝可回收鎢錫，得到鎢錫精礦后再進行冶煉，選礦工藝流程簡單易工業生產且成本低，但適應性較差，對于較細物料無法有效回收，濕法冶金工藝可回收鎢、錫、鉭、鈮、鈧，適應性強但流程復雜，酸堿廢水對環境影響大；鎢冶煉渣減量化是綜合利用的根本要求，目前主要用來制做水泥輔料、建筑膠砂、多孔材料、微晶玻璃等，介紹了目前減量化處理的研究現狀.最后提出了問題與建議，鈧鉭鈮稀有金屬提取工藝的進步依賴萃取劑和離子交換樹脂的發展，可利用材料領域內第一性原理和化學配位理論，研發選擇性強的萃取劑和交換容量大的離子交換樹脂，解決萃取劑選擇性差、離子交換樹脂交換容量小、廢水量大的問題，從原子層面研究出相互作用機理，最終篩選出高效萃取劑及離子交換樹脂.指出選冶聯合工藝，開發短流程綠色提取技術、冶煉渣高附加值材料研制技術可能是今后研究的重點.
- 鎢冶煉渣 /
- 鎢冶金 /
- 萃取 /
- 浸出 /
- 綜合利用
Abstract: Tungsten smelting slag is an important secondary resource, it contains tungsten, tin, tantalum, niobium, scandium, and other useful metals, which have great recycling value. However, tungsten smelting slag is a solid waste that can cause groundwater and soil pollution. Further, the progress of the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten smelting slag was reviewed. The process of wolframite and scheelite smelting, the recovery process theories of tin, tantalum, niobium, and scandium, and the reduction of tungsten smelting slag were also presented. Tungsten and tin can be recovered by gravity separation and flotation, which is followed by smelting. This process is easy in case of industrial applications, and the cost is low, however the adaptability is poor, and fine materials cannot be effectively recycled. Tungsten, tin, tantalum, niobium, and scandium can be recovered by hydrometallurgy, which is a complex process that considerably influences the environment. Tungsten smelting reduction is a fundamental requirement for the comprehensive utilization of slag, which is mainly used to manufacture the cement materials, porous materials, and microcrystalline glass.This study introduced the current research status, identifies problems, and provides suggestions for future research. The bottleneck of scandium, tantalum, and niobium extractions depends on the development of an extractant and ion exchange resin. The first principle and chemical coordination theory from the field of materials and chemistry can be used to solve the problem, including poor selectivity of extractant, low exchange capacity of ion exchange resin and large quantity of waste water. Strong selective extractant and ion exchange resin with high exchange capacity will be studied to solve above problems. The interaction mechanism is investigated based on the atomic level, and the efficient extraction agent and ion exchange resin are selected. Future research may be related to the development of a green extraction technology and a short process to produce slag from high value materials.
- tungsten smelting slag /
- tungsten metallurgy /
- extraction /
- leaching /
- comprehensive utilization

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參考文獻(13)

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